Proper nutrition in diabetes for every day

Diabetes mellitus is a disease of the endocrine system associated with a lack of insulin in the body.

As a result, the content of glucose in the blood increases, which leads to metabolic disorders and gradual damage to almost all functional systems in the human body. The disease is divided into type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Today, nutritional and dietary problems in diabetes of any type are an extremely serious topic that is raised by every patient after receiving a diagnosis of the disease.

In general, proper nutrition in diabetes should be observed every day, because without diet a person's health will deteriorate.

Tips for lowering blood sugar

Diet is necessary for people with all types of diabetes, but dietary recommendations differ for type I and type II diabetes. In the latter case, reducing excess weight with diet may be the only therapeutic measure.

The type of diabetes is determined by the endocrinologist who treats you.

1. In type 1 diabetes: proper nutrition is a necessary background for insulin therapy. If you do not pay attention to it, all efforts to lower blood sugar will be in vain: this indicator does not stabilize and this affects the condition of the vessels of all organs and systems.
2. Type 2 diabetes: They don't always need medication. First, the patient is recommended a diet that will help with weight loss. With good dynamics in this case, drugs may not be required at all.

General tips for lowering blood sugar:

1. Reduce your intake of soft drinks, lemonade and juices. Regular consumption of sweetened beverages increases the risk of developing diabetes by about 15%. Reduce the amount of cream and sweeteners when drinking tea and coffee.
2. Try choosing unsweetened foods such as unsweetened iced tea, yogurt or unsweetened oatmeal. You can sweeten your food to your liking. You will probably add much less sugar to your food than the manufacturer.
3. Replace your favorite sweets with healthier foods. Instead of ice cream, crush the frozen bananas and beat the mixture with a mixer for a great dessert. Instead of your favorite milk chocolate, it is better to eat a piece of dark chocolate.

It is especially important to follow a diet for mild diabetes, as it is practically the main treatment.

Differences in diet for type 1 and type 2 diabetes

Patients with type 1 diabetes require a low-calorie diet (25-30 kcal per 1 kg body weight) to prevent late complications of the disease. In this case, diet is extremely important, it must be strictly followed. The main thing to look for when compiling a diet is the balance of protein, fat and carbohydrates.

Patients with type 2 diabetes are prescribed a low-calorie diet (daily energy value of food is 1600-1800 kcal). With such a diet, patients should lose about 300-400 g of body weight per week. In the presence of severe overweight, the daily amount of calories is reduced according to the percentage of excess body weight to 15-17 kcal per 1 kg.

Basics of nutrition

In each case, the doctor prescribes a special diet for the patient with diabetes, which must be followed to maintain the body in a normal state.

When you start eating well, follow these simple rules every day:

1. It is necessary to take food 5-6 times in small portions (every 2-3 hours) during the day.
2. The ratio of protein, carbohydrates and fats must be balanced.
3. The amount of calories received from food should be equal to the patient's energy consumption.
4. One should eat properly: certain vegetables and fruits, cereals, dietary meat and fish, natural juices without added sugar, dairy products, soups.

The diet of a patient with diabetes should be rich in vitamins, so it is useful to introduce carriers of vitamins in the diet: baking yeast, brewer's yeast, rosehip decoction, SPP, nutritional supplements.

Diabetes Rules for Everyday Diabetes

The following foods can be consumed with diabetes:

1. Bread - up to 200 grams per day, mostly black or special diabetes.
2. Cook vegetable broth soups, the use of weak meat and fish broths is permissible 1-2 times a week.
3. Meat and poultry dishes. In diabetes it is allowed to eat boiled beef, chicken and rabbit meat.
4. Vegetables and herbs. It is recommended to consume potatoes, beets, carrots no more than 200 grams per day. But other vegetables (cabbage, lettuce, radishes, cucumbers, zucchini, tomatoes) and vegetables (except spicy) can be eaten almost without restrictions raw and cooked and occasionally roasted.
5. Cereals, legumes and pasta should not be eaten often. If you decide to eat a plate of spaghetti, give up bread and other carbohydrate foods and meals that day.

6. Eggs can be consumed no more than 2 times a day, added to other dishes, cooked soft-boiled or as an omelet.
7. Fruits and berries of sour and sweet-sour varieties (apples Antonovka, oranges, lemons, blueberries, red currants. . . ) - up to 200-300 grams per day.
8. Milk - with a doctor's permission, kefir, yogurt (only 1-2 cups a day), cottage cheese (50-200 grams per day) in natural form or in the form of cottage cheese, pastries and puddings.
9. It is recommended to consume cottage cheese daily, up to 100-200 grams per day in natural form or in the form of cottage cheese, cheese cakes, puddings, stews. Cottage cheese, as well as oatmeal and buckwheat porridge, bran, rose hips improve fat metabolism and normalize liver function, prevent fatty changes in the liver.
10. Tea with milk, weak coffee, tomato juice, fruit and forest juices (total liquid with soup up to 5 cups a day).

Carefully plan your menu each day and use only foods that are healthy and necessary in your case.

Prohibited Products

The diet of patients with diabetes should be considered, first of all, people who are diagnosed with this disease should refuse such foods:

1. Pastries, chocolate, confectionery, baked goods, jam, honey, ice cream and other pastries;
2. Spicy, savory, salty and smoked snacks and dishes, lamb and pork fat;
3. Pepper, mustard;
4. Alcoholic beverages;
5. Grapes, bananas, raisins;
6. Sugar is only allowed in small amounts with a doctor's permission.

All foods for diabetes should be consumed on a schedule, and to control blood sugar, the daily menu should contain fiber.

Sample menu for the day

When following a type 2 diabetes diet, you can stick to a simple menu by alternating permitted foods.

Example # 1

1. Breakfast - oatmeal, egg. Bread. Coffee.
2. Snack - natural yogurt with fruit.
3. Lunch - vegetable soup, chicken breast with salad (beets, onions and olive oil) and stewed cabbage. Bread. Compote.
4. Afternoon snack - low-fat cottage cheese. Tea.
5. Dinner - hake baked in sour cream, vegetable salad (cucumbers, tomatoes, herbs or other seasonal vegetables) with vegetable oil. Bread. Cocoa.
6. Second dinner (a few hours before bedtime) - natural yogurt, baked apple.

Example # 2

1. Breakfast: cottage cheese 150 g, buckwheat or oatmeal 150 g, black bread, unsweetened tea.
2. Second breakfast: unsweetened compote 250 ml.
3. Lunch: chicken broth 250 gr, boiled lean meat 75 gr, stewed cabbage - 100 gr, jelly without sugar - 100 gr, bread, mineral water 250 ml.
4. Afternoon breakfast - apple 1 pc.
5. Dinner: stewed vegetables 150 gr, meatballs 100 gr, cabbage schnitzel - 200 gr, bread, unsweetened rosehip broth.
6. Second dinner: drinking yogurt - 250 ml.

Example # 3

1. Breakfast: carrot-apple salad - 100 g, low-fat cottage cheese with milk - 150 g Bread with bran - 50 g Tea without sugar - 1 cup. Breakfast: mineral water - 1 cup, apple.
2. Lunch: vegetable soup with soy - 200 g, meat goulash - 150 g, vegetable caviar - 50 g. Rye bread - 50 g. Tea with xylitol - 1 cup.
3. Afternoon snack: fruit salad - 100 g. Tea without sugar - 1 cup.
4. Dinner: fish schnitzel - 150 g, porridge with millet milk - 150 g. Bread with bran - 50 g. Tea without sugar - 1 cup. Second dinner: kefir - 1 cup.

Remember:a person with diabetes should not be hungry. You should eat at the same time, but if there is a slight hunger between meals, you should definitely quench it with a cup of tea or vegetables. But this should only be a snack - overeating is dangerous for diabetics.